Researching St. Louis: Following the Book Trail

In my last post, I wrote about visiting St. Louis and the museums at the Arch and Forest Park to learn more about its history for my upcoming novel, the fourth book in the Adventures of Hannah True series. I learned enough to realize I needed a new name for the novel: That buildings with false fronts were not really a thing in 1861 St. Louis. Also, while there, I purchased a book of essays, Historic Tales of St. Louis, which was the first step on a journey to the city’s past.

Mining Bibliographies

Many of the articles in Historic Tales of St. Louis were relevant to the 1861 time period, others were not. I skimmed article titles, such as “Army Secretly Sprays St. Louis in Chemical Weapons Program,” “Cary Grant Starts a Trend: Chocolates on a Hotel Pillow,” and “Gaslight Square: See Barbara Streisand for Two Bucks,” and focused on the articles dealing with the 1840s through the 1860s. These included “Brewers and Their Caves,” “Cholera Outbreak of 1849 Kills 10 Percent of Population,” “From Horses to Streetcars,” and “The Great Fire of 1849.” The bibliography in this book led me to an interesting online article, “St. Louis Beer History: Underground Beginnings.” You might have guessed from two of the titles that my novel has scenes in caves where beer is brewed. Until I read these articles, I had no knowledge of underground beer brewing.

An online search led me to another excellent source, A Most Unsettled State: First-Person Accounts of St. Louis During the Civil War. I ordered the book through Emporia’s bookstore, Middle Ground Books, and the excerpts from diaries and letters in the first two sections put me emotionally in the city at the time of my novel. Instead of a bibliography at the back of the book, the source information is given at the end of each excerpt. I was captivated by Galusha Anderson’s description of St. Louis as a city built with red brick, which included homes, businesses, warehouses, and even sidewalks. Wanting to learn more, I searched for his book written in 1908 and found it online: The Story of a Border City During the Civil War.

Another source that helped me understand the tensions between neighbors was Julius Rombauer’s The Union Cause in St. Louis in 1861: An Historical Sketch. Both Galusha Anderson and Julius Rombauer lived in St. Louis during the time of Hannah True’s next adventure, and their books are adding to my knowledge of the people and their world.

Now that I have such excellent historical sources, I am using them to set the scene for Hannah’s first case, a murder mystery set in January 1861 in St. Louis. My goal is to finish the novel and publish by August 2025.

Researching St. Louis

St. Louis has been a stopover on the journeys of many members of the Pierce family and of Hannah True. They caught steamboats going west or trains going east, but St. Louis was never their destination, the place where the story happened, until Book 4 of Hannah’s adventures.

In Book 4, now a rough draft in progress, Hannah joins the Hollandar Detective Agency and goes on her first official case. She is joined by agency owners, Vance Hollandar and his mother Victoria Nelson. Additional new investigators are Benita Walton and Aaron Jackson. The owner of an upscale St. Louis hotel has hired Vance to investigate a series of thefts that have been carried out over several weeks. Because Vance and his team arrive undercover, and because I had read and seen so many buildings with so-called false fronts in old western towns, I decided a perfect name for the novel would be False Fronts. I even envisioned a book cover with that image.

One Big Problem

Buildings with false fronts were a few hundred miles west and half a dozen or more years later than the St. Louis setting of my story. So now I am working on a new title and cover and researching to find out what more I need to know before I make a decision. A recent Emporia Rec Center tour allowed me to visit the city and its museums. The trip gave me a start toward building the crime scenes and the backstory of the characters involved in committing those crimes while also searching for a fitting title.

1849 Was a Bad Year for St. Louis

In 1849, the population of St. Louis was about 63,000. On May 17, fire destroyed the waterfront business district. In the summer of 1849, a cholera outbreak killed approximately 4,500 St. Louis residents. Main characters in my novel lost family members in these two events, and those losses shaped their lives.

Within a year of the fire, new buildings made of brick, some five stories high, were built to replace what was destroyed. By January 1861, the year my novel takes place, St. Louis had a population of nearly 161,000. Brick buildings, not the false fronts of frontier towns that I had imagined, lined the streets.

What’s Next?

As I explore the setting for my now unnamed novel, I’ll be researching the caves beneath St. Louis and the nefarious things that might happen in them. Maybe I’ll find a title buried there.